Dictionary.com
Thesaurus.com
Synonyms

exacerbate

American  
[ig-zas-er-beyt, ek-sas-] / ɪgˈzæs ərˌbeɪt, ɛkˈsæs- /

verb (used with object)

  • exacerbates,
    present (3rd person singular)
  • exacerbated,
    past participle,  past
  • exacerbating
    present participle
  1. An image of the word exacerbate as defined by to increase the severity, bitterness, or violence of (disease, ill feeling, etc.); aggravate.

    to increase the severity, bitterness, or violence of (disease, ill feeling, etc.); aggravate.

    Synonyms:
    worsen, inflame, intensify
    Antonyms:
    alleviate, soothe, relieve
  2. to embitter the feelings of (a person); irritate; exasperate.


exacerbate British  
/ ɪɡˈzæsəˌbeɪt, ɪkˈsæs- /

verb

  1. to make (pain, disease, emotion, etc) more intense; aggravate

  2. to exasperate or irritate (a person)

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

Inflected Forms

Participles

Conjugated Forms

Present

Past

Future

Etymology

Origin of exacerbate

First recorded in 1650–60; from Latin exacerbātus (past participle of exacerbāre “to exasperate, provoke”), equivalent to ex- ex- 1 + acerbātus acerbate

Compare meaning

How does exacerbate compare to similar and commonly confused words? Explore the most common comparisons:

Explanation

For a formal-sounding verb that means to make worse, try exacerbate. If you're in trouble, complaining about it will only exacerbate the problem. Exacerbate is related to the adjective acrid, often used to describe sharp-smelling smoke. Think of exacerbate then as a sharp or bitter thing that makes something worse. A drought will exacerbate a country's food shortage. Worsen, intensify, aggravate and compound are similar, but exacerbate has the sense of an irritant being added in to make something bad even worse.

Keep Reading on Vocabulary.com

Vocabulary lists containing exacerbate

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

See Examples For:

LaTanya Walker considered ordering abortion pills for her niece, she said, but she ultimately did not because she worried about whether they could exacerbate medical conditions.

From Salon Sep. 17, 2026

The planet's water cycle is becoming increasingly erratic, swinging between too little and too much, the United Nations warned Thursday, with an unprecedented El Nino expected to exacerbate the long-term trend.

From Barron's Sep. 17, 2026

Bumblebee Conservation Trust raised concerns that 2026 may exacerbate a declining trend in bumblebee populations as flowers wither and bees fail to forage effectively.

From Science Daily Sep. 11, 2026

The arrival of the Kelvin wave in the coming weeks could exacerbate marine ecosystem impacts already being strained by the ongoing marine heat wave that isn’t related to El Niño, Amaya said.

From Los Angeles Times Sep. 10, 2026

Zeitoun knew not to exacerbate the situation, and assumed that when they were interviewed by a superior, everything would be explained.

From "Zeitoun" by Dave Eggers

“It also exacerbates the pressures facing America’s electric grid by forcing critical existing power plants into early retirement and severely restricting the operation of new natural gas plants,” Matheson said.

From The Wall Street Journal Sep. 14, 2026

This in turn exacerbates dangers such as flooding.

From BBC Aug. 27, 2026

"That does nothing to resolve conflict; science shows it only exacerbates the conflict."

From Barron's Aug. 21, 2026

Tech companies are borrowing money to fund the development of advanced A.I. systems, for instance, which exacerbates the bond sell-off because investors think A.I.-powered economic growth will keep interest rates higher for longer.

From Slate Aug. 20, 2026

Greg thinks he helps on busy nights, but really, he only exacerbates the problem.

From "Please Ignore Vera Dietz" by A.S. King

McKinley stages a few bullet-sweating sequences of peril, including a particularly brutal transport of gold bars across a crumbling rope bridge and an underwater accident exacerbated by floating logs.

From Los Angeles Times Sep. 18, 2026

Who ever heard of a major movie studio throwing $75 million at a follow-up that serves no purpose other than capitalizing on learned nostalgia, exacerbated by social media clip farming and seasonal wistfulness?

From Salon Sep. 14, 2026

She says the state of the building only exacerbated her health issues.

From BBC Sep. 4, 2026

That would mark a second consecutive month in contraction territory, as heavy summer rains exacerbated a seasonal slowdown in manufacturing.

From The Wall Street Journal Aug. 28, 2026

But maybe his fatigue is exacerbated by the potassium iodide he's taking.

From "Vincent and Theo: The Van Gogh Brothers" by Deborah Heiligman

"The strong El Niño is making the dry season drier over the fire-prone parts of the country and exacerbating burning -- just as we anticipated it would," he said.

From Science Daily Sep. 6, 2026

Major markets may be taking their signal from U.S. bonds, but credibility gaps in Europe are exacerbating the moves, they added.

From MarketWatch Sep. 1, 2026

Climate change is expected to continue exacerbating cases in the years to come, warned Matt Willis, an epidemiologist and former former Marin County public health officer.

From Los Angeles Times Aug. 21, 2026

Software stocks that Situational had bet against, including Adobe, AppLovin and Figma, started to rally, exacerbating losses, people familiar with the situation said.

From The Wall Street Journal Aug. 17, 2026

One of the fluorescent lights had started flickering halfway through class, exacerbating the pain, and Moss was eager to dart over to his locker and get his medication.

From "Anger Is a Gift" by Mark Oshiro

Vocabulary.com logo
by dictionary.com

Just like flashcards, but way more fun

Don't take our word for it. Leave the boring studying behind and join VocabTrainer today. You'll learn even faster and never look back.

Take me to Vocabulary.com